Real estate agents should track commission income when it hits their bank account. Record the gross commission amount even if the brokerage takes a split before paying you. The brokerage split goes to a commission expense category, so your books show what you actually earned before the split and what you paid to the brokerage. This matters when evaluating whether your current split makes sense or when comparing offers from other brokerages.

For expenses, you need categories specific to real estate work. MLS fees, association dues, lockbox fees, and licensing renewals are operational costs. Marketing covers yard signs, online advertising, professional photography, virtual tours, and printed materials. Client gifts at closing are deductible up to $25 per recipient. Transaction management software, CRM subscriptions, and e-signature tools fall under technology expenses.

Vehicle mileage deserves its own tracking system because agents drive constantly. Every showing, listing appointment, property inspection, and office meeting counts as business mileage. Most agents put 10,000 to 20,000 business miles on their car annually. At current IRS rates, that translates to significant deductions. Use an app like MileIQ or keep a log in your car. The key is consistency. Trying to reconstruct mileage at year end from memory doesn’t work.

Set a weekly or bi-weekly time to enter transactions. Commission checks come irregularly, but expenses happen constantly. Gas, marketing spend, client lunches, continuing education courses. If you wait until tax season to sort through twelve months of bank statements, you’ll miss deductions and spend hours on something that should take minutes each week.

Keep business and personal expenses on separate cards if possible. When everything runs through one account, you spend time sorting rather than categorizing. A dedicated business credit card means every transaction is business by default.

Since commission income comes on 1099s with no taxes withheld, quarterly estimated tax payments become your responsibility. Tracking income and expenses throughout the year tells you what to set aside. Most agents aim for 25 to 30 percent of net income for federal and state taxes combined. Without accurate tracking, you’re guessing and either overpaying or facing a surprise bill in April.

Working with a Detroit area bookkeeping service familiar with real estate can help establish the right categories and systems from the start. The goal is knowing your actual profit per transaction, not just celebrating the gross commission number.